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Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain 2009 9(1):19-23; doi:10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkn048
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© The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia [2009]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Respiratory gas analysis

J. A. Langton, MBBS MD FRCA
Honorary Reader in Anaesthesia
Peninsula College of Medicine & Dentistry
Plymouth
UK
Consultant Anaesthetist
Derriford Hospital
Plymouth PL6 8DH
UK

A. Hutton, MBBS MRCP FRCA
Specialist Registrar
Derriford Hospital
Plymouth PL6 8DH
UK
Tel: +44 (0)1752 439203 Fax: +44 (0)1752 763287 E-mail: jeremy.langton@phnt.swest.nhs.uk

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


Key points

Respiratory gas analysis (oxygen, carbon dioxide, volatile anaesthetic agents) is a standard monitoring technique during anaesthesia.
Paramagnetic oxygen analysers are the most common form of oxygen analyser used in the operating theatre.
Carbon dioxide analysis can be performed using either mainstream or sidestream capnography.
Mass spectrometry is a very accurate technique; however, at present, it is impractical for routine in-theatre use.

 

Respiratory gas analysis has now become a standard monitoring technique in anaesthesia: in theatres, intensive care unit, and for the transfer of ventilated patients. The AAGBI Recommendations for Standards of Monitoring during Anaesthesia and Recovery (2007)1 recommend as essential components during an anaesthetic an oxygen analyser with an audible alarm and a carbon dioxide analyser; a vapour analyser is also essential whenever a volatile anaesthetic is delivered. There are also requirements to monitor ambient anaesthetic agent concentrations in hospitals to conform to COSHH standards.2 An appreciation of . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Oxygen analysis
 
Clarke (polarographic) sensor

Galvanic sensor, Hersch, or fuel cell


   Carbon dioxide in solution
 

   Gaseous analysis: carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and volatile agents
 
Infrared absorption spectroscopy

Refractometry

Piezoelectric absorption

Raman scattering

Mass spectrometry


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